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vkCreateImageView

函数原型

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VkResult vkCreateImageView(
    VkDevice                                    device,
    const VkImageViewCreateInfo*                pCreateInfo,
    const VkAllocationCallbacks*                pAllocator,
    VkImageView*                                pView);

描述

创建一个imageview。

参数

  • device : 用于创建imageview的逻辑设备。
  • pCreateInfo : VkImageViewCreateInfo 结构体指针，包含创建imageview的信息。
  • pAllocator : host memory 分配器。
  • pView : 创建返回的imageview句柄。

补充

VkImageViewCreateInfo 结构体定义： 

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typedef struct VkImageViewCreateInfo {
    VkStructureType            sType;
    const void*                pNext;
    VkImageViewCreateFlags     flags;                   //描述imageview的额外标记
    VkImage                    image;                   //用于创建imageview的image
    VkImageViewType            viewType;                //指定imageview的类型
    VkFormat                   format;                  //描述image中纹素的格式和类型
    VkComponentMapping         components;              //描述颜色分量的重新映射（或深度模板分量在转换为颜色分量后）
    VkImageSubresourceRange    subresourceRange;        //mipmap级别以及imageview可访问的layers
} VkImageViewCreateInfo;

VkImageViewCreateFlags枚举定义： 

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typedef enum VkImageViewCreateFlagBits {
  // Provided by VK_EXT_fragment_density_map
    VK_IMAGE_VIEW_CREATE_FRAGMENT_DENSITY_MAP_DYNAMIC_BIT_EXT = 0x00000001,
  // Provided by VK_EXT_fragment_density_map2
    VK_IMAGE_VIEW_CREATE_FRAGMENT_DENSITY_MAP_DEFERRED_BIT_EXT = 0x00000002,
} VkImageViewCreateFlagBits;

VkImageViewType枚举定义： 

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typedef enum VkImageViewType {
    VK_IMAGE_VIEW_TYPE_1D = 0,
    VK_IMAGE_VIEW_TYPE_2D = 1,
    VK_IMAGE_VIEW_TYPE_3D = 2,
    VK_IMAGE_VIEW_TYPE_CUBE = 3,
    VK_IMAGE_VIEW_TYPE_1D_ARRAY = 4,
    VK_IMAGE_VIEW_TYPE_2D_ARRAY = 5,
    VK_IMAGE_VIEW_TYPE_CUBE_ARRAY = 6,
} VkImageViewType;

VkComponentMapping结构体定义： 

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typedef struct VkComponentMapping {
    VkComponentSwizzle    r;
    VkComponentSwizzle    g;
    VkComponentSwizzle    b;
    VkComponentSwizzle    a;
} VkComponentMapping;

VkComponentSwizzle枚举定义： 

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typedef enum VkComponentSwizzle {
    VK_COMPONENT_SWIZZLE_IDENTITY = 0,
    VK_COMPONENT_SWIZZLE_ZERO = 1,
    VK_COMPONENT_SWIZZLE_ONE = 2,
    VK_COMPONENT_SWIZZLE_R = 3,
    VK_COMPONENT_SWIZZLE_G = 4,
    VK_COMPONENT_SWIZZLE_B = 5,
    VK_COMPONENT_SWIZZLE_A = 6,
} VkComponentSwizzle;

设置为VK_COMPONENT_SWIZZLE_IDENTITY等同于设置下面的映射关系

Component Identity Mapping
components.r VK_COMPONENT_SWIZZLE_R
components.g VK_COMPONENT_SWIZZLE_G
components.b VK_COMPONENT_SWIZZLE_B
components.a VK_COMPONENT_SWIZZLE_A

VkImageSubresourceRange结构体定义： 

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typedef struct VkImageSubresourceRange {
    VkImageAspectFlags    aspectMask;       //指定image的哪些层面包含在imageview中
    uint32_t              baseMipLevel;     //imageview可访问的第一个mipmap level
    uint32_t              levelCount;       //imageview可访问的mipmap level数量
    uint32_t              baseArrayLayer;   //imageview可访问的第一个layer
    uint32_t              layerCount;       //imageview可访问的layer数量
} VkImageSubresourceRange;

VkImageAspectFlagBits枚举定义： 

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typedef enum VkImageAspectFlagBits {
    VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_COLOR_BIT = 0x00000001,
    VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_DEPTH_BIT = 0x00000002,
    VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_STENCIL_BIT = 0x00000004,
    VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_METADATA_BIT = 0x00000008,
  // Provided by VK_VERSION_1_1
    VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_PLANE_0_BIT = 0x00000010,
  // Provided by VK_VERSION_1_1
    VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_PLANE_1_BIT = 0x00000020,
  // Provided by VK_VERSION_1_1
    VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_PLANE_2_BIT = 0x00000040,
  // Provided by VK_VERSION_1_3
    VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_NONE = 0,
  // Provided by VK_EXT_image_drm_format_modifier
    VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_MEMORY_PLANE_0_BIT_EXT = 0x00000080,
  // Provided by VK_EXT_image_drm_format_modifier
    VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_MEMORY_PLANE_1_BIT_EXT = 0x00000100,
  // Provided by VK_EXT_image_drm_format_modifier
    VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_MEMORY_PLANE_2_BIT_EXT = 0x00000200,
  // Provided by VK_EXT_image_drm_format_modifier
    VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_MEMORY_PLANE_3_BIT_EXT = 0x00000400,
  // Provided by VK_KHR_sampler_ycbcr_conversion
    VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_PLANE_0_BIT_KHR = VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_PLANE_0_BIT,
  // Provided by VK_KHR_sampler_ycbcr_conversion
    VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_PLANE_1_BIT_KHR = VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_PLANE_1_BIT,
  // Provided by VK_KHR_sampler_ycbcr_conversion
    VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_PLANE_2_BIT_KHR = VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_PLANE_2_BIT,
  // Provided by VK_KHR_maintenance4
    VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_NONE_KHR = VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_NONE,
} VkImageAspectFlagBits;

返回值

  • VK_SUCCESS : 成功创建imageview。
  • 其他 : 创建失败。

代码示例

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vector<VkImageView> swapChainImageViews;
swapChainImageViews.resize(swapChainImages.size());

// 遍历创建ImageView---图像视图，该图像可以作为纹理使用，但是作为渲染目标，还需要帧缓冲对象
for (size_t i = 0; i < swapChainImages.size(); i++) {
    VkImageViewCreateInfo createInfo{};
    createInfo.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_IMAGE_VIEW_CREATE_INFO;
    createInfo.image = swapChainImages[i];
    createInfo.viewType = VK_IMAGE_VIEW_TYPE_2D; // viewType和fromat成员变量用于指定图像数据的解释方式
    createInfo.format = swapChainImageFormat;    // 一维纹理、二维纹理、三维纹理或者立方体贴图
    createInfo.components.r = VK_COMPONENT_SWIZZLE_IDENTITY; // 用于图像颜色通道映射，保持默认即可
    createInfo.components.g = VK_COMPONENT_SWIZZLE_IDENTITY;
    createInfo.components.b = VK_COMPONENT_SWIZZLE_IDENTITY;
    createInfo.components.a = VK_COMPONENT_SWIZZLE_IDENTITY;
    createInfo.subresourceRange.aspectMask = VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_COLOR_BIT; // 用于指定图像的用途和图像哪一部分可以被访问
    createInfo.subresourceRange.baseMipLevel = 0;                       // 此处图像用作渲染，没有细分级别，只存在一个图层
    createInfo.subresourceRange.levelCount = 1;                    // 不是VR应用，可以保持默认
    createInfo.subresourceRange.baseArrayLayer = 0;
    createInfo.subresourceRange.layerCount = 1;

    if (vkCreateImageView(device, &createInfo, nullptr, &swapChainImageViews[i]) != VK_SUCCESS) {
        throw std::runtime_error("failed to create image views!");
    }
}